NSIDRC Journal Article Alert — September 18, 2009

Prepared by the National Sudden and Unexpected Infant/Child Death and Pregnancy Loss Resource Center at Georgetown University.

These articles have been selected from PubMed, a service of the National Library of Medicine that includes over 19 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles back to 1948. PubMed includes links to full text articles and other related resources.

Availability of full-text journal articles is often limited to subscribers or through inter-library loan. Please see your local library for copies of these articles, or view PubMed's How to Get the Journal Article for more details.

Past issues of Resource Center Journal Alerts

Sudden Infant Death

1. Kranick SM, Ganesh J, Coughlin CR 2nd, Licht DJ
Child neurology: a case illustrating the role of imaging in evaluation of sudden infant death
Neurology. 2009 Sep 15;73(11):e54-6

Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bldg. 10, Rm. 7D42, 10 Center Dr., MSC 1428, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. mattes1@mail.nih.gov

Miscarriage/Stillbirth/Prenatal Issues

1. Gaffield ME, Kapp N, Ravi A
Use of combined oral contraceptives post abortion
Contraception. 2009 Oct;80(4):355-62. Epub 2009 Jun 4

Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, 27, Switzerland. gaffieldm@who.int

BACKGROUND: Providing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) following surgical or medical induced abortion offers women an opportune moment to initiate a reliable contraceptive method. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library for articles in any language concerning COC use following spontaneous, induced (medical or surgical) or septic abortion, from 1966 through June 2008. Seven articles were identified and evaluated using the United States Preventive Services Task Force system. RESULTS: Immediate COC initiation after first-trimester medical or surgical induced abortion did not increase side effects or prolong vaginal bleeding compared with use of a placebo, copper-bearing intrauterine device (IUD), nonhormonal contraceptive method or COC initiation at a later time. Initiating COCs after first-trimester surgical abortion produced small increases in coagulation parameters compared with IUD use; although they are statistically significant, their clinical relevance is unlikely. No study examined second-trimester induced or spontaneous abortion, or septic abortion. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that COCs can be safely initiated immediately following surgical and medical abortion in the first-trimester of pregnancy.

2. Array comparative genomic hybridization and flow cytometry analysis of spontaneous abortions and mors in utero samples
Menten B, Swerts K, Delle Chiaie B, Janssens S, Buysse K, Philippe J, Speleman F
BMC Med Genet. 2009 Sep 14;10(1):89. [Epub ahead of print]

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 10-15% of all clinically recognised pregnancies result in a spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. Previous studies have indicated that in up to 50% of first trimester miscarriages, chromosomal abnormalities can be identified. For several decades chromosome analysis has been the golden standard to detect these genomic imbalances. A major drawback of this method is the requirement of short term cultures of fetal cells. In this study we evaluated the combined use of array CGH and flow cytometry (FCM), for detection of chromosomal abnormalities, as an alternative for karyotyping. METHODS: In total 100 spontaneous abortions and mors in utero samples were investigated by karyotyping and array CGH in combination with FCM in order to compare the results for both methods. RESULTS: Chromosome analysis revealed 17 abnormal karyotypes whereas array CGH in combination with FCM identified 26 aberrations due to the increased test success rate. Karyotyping was unsuccessful in 28% of cases as compared to only two out of hundred samples with inconclusive results for combined array CGH and FCM analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study convincingly shows that array CGH analysis for detection of numerical and segmental imbalances in combination with flow cytometry for detection of ploidy status has a significant higher detection rate for chromosomal abnormalities as compared to karyotyping of miscarriages samples.

3. Völker HU, Demmer P, Gattenlöhner S
Idiopathic intrauterine myocardial infarction without malformations of the heart or coronary vessels as a cause of stillbirth
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print]

Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

4. The higher the educational level of the first-time mother, the lower the fetal and post-neonatal but not the neonatal mortality in Belgium (Flanders)
Cammu H, Martens G, Van Maele G, Amy JJ
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print]

SPE: Study Centre for Perinatal Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Gynaecology, Universitair Ziekenhuis-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

OBJECTIVE: To assess, in a homogenous population of primiparous women, how fetal and infant (=first year of life) mortality varied by the mothers' level of education. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted an observational study in Flanders (Northern Belgium) involving 170,948 primiparous women who delivered in Flanders during the period 1999-2006, and their 174,495 babies. We linked the maternal education (3 levels) with a series of obstetrical and perinatal events, with special emphasis on fetal and infant death. A logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: The incidence of fetal (0.21% - high level of education; 0.35% - medium level; 0.84% - low level) and infant mortality (0.32%; 0.41%; 0.70%, respectively), followed an inverse maternal educational gradient: higher with a lower level of education. However, fetal and post-neonatal (28 days-1 year), but not neonatal death (0-27 days) were independent of the educational level of the mother. The age of the woman at delivery, the use of assisted reproductive technology and the incidence of twin birth increased while the rates of preterm birth (7.7% - high level; 8.9% - medium level; 10% - low level) and low birth weight (7.2%; 9.5%; 11.8%, respectively) decreased with the mother's educational level. CONCLUSION: Perinatal and obstetrical outcome differ according to the level of the education of the mother, which is a determinant of the incidence of fetal and post-neonatal death but not of early and late neonatal death (0-27 days).

Prepared by the
National Sudden and Unexpected Infant/Child Death and Pregnancy Loss Resource Center
Georgetown University
2115 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W., Suite 601
Washington, DC 20007
(866) 866-7437 toll free
(202) 687-7466 local
(202) 784-9777 fax
info@sidscenter.org
http://www.sidscenter.org


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PubMed includes links to full text articles and other related resources. Availability of full-text journal articles is often limited to subscribers or through inter-library loan. Please see your local library for copies of these articles, or view PubMed's How to Get the Journal Article for more details. Past issues of Resource Center Journal Alerts Sudden Infant Death 1. Kranick SM, Ganesh J, Coughlin CR 2nd, Licht DJ Child neurology: a case illustrating the role of imaging in evaluation of sudden infant death Neurology. 2009 Sep 15;73(11):e54-6 Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bldg. 10, Rm. 7D42, 10 Center Dr., MSC 1428, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. mattes1@mail.nih.gov Miscarriage/Stillbirth/Prenatal Issues 1. Gaffield ME, Kapp N, Ravi A Use of combined oral contraceptives post abortion Contraception. 2009 Oct;80(4):355-62. Epub 2009 Jun 4 Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, 27, Switzerland. gaffieldm@who.int BACKGROUND: Providing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) following surgical or medical induced abortion offers women an opportune moment to initiate a reliable contraceptive method. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library for articles in any language concerning COC use following spontaneous, induced (medical or surgical) or septic abortion, from 1966 through June 2008. Seven articles were identified and evaluated using the United States Preventive Services Task Force system. RESULTS: Immediate COC initiation after first-trimester medical or surgical induced abortion did not increase side effects or prolong vaginal bleeding compared with use of a placebo, copper-bearing intrauterine device (IUD), nonhormonal contraceptive method or COC initiation at a later time. Initiating COCs after first-trimester surgical abortion produced small increases in coagulation parameters compared with IUD use; although they are statistically significant, their clinical relevance is unlikely. No study examined second-trimester induced or spontaneous abortion, or septic abortion. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that COCs can be safely initiated immediately following surgical and medical abortion in the first-trimester of pregnancy. 2. Array comparative genomic hybridization and flow cytometry analysis of spontaneous abortions and mors in utero samples Menten B, Swerts K, Delle Chiaie B, Janssens S, Buysse K, Philippe J, Speleman F BMC Med Genet. 2009 Sep 14;10(1):89. [Epub ahead of print] ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 10-15% of all clinically recognised pregnancies result in a spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. Previous studies have indicated that in up to 50% of first trimester miscarriages, chromosomal abnormalities can be identified. For several decades chromosome analysis has been the golden standard to detect these genomic imbalances. A major drawback of this method is the requirement of short term cultures of fetal cells. In this study we evaluated the combined use of array CGH and flow cytometry (FCM), for detection of chromosomal abnormalities, as an alternative for karyotyping. METHODS: In total 100 spontaneous abortions and mors in utero samples were investigated by karyotyping and array CGH in combination with FCM in order to compare the results for both methods. RESULTS: Chromosome analysis revealed 17 abnormal karyotypes whereas array CGH in combination with FCM identified 26 aberrations due to the increased test success rate. Karyotyping was unsuccessful in 28% of cases as compared to only two out of hundred samples with inconclusive results for combined array CGH and FCM analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study convincingly shows that array CGH analysis for detection of numerical and segmental imbalances in combination with flow cytometry for detection of ploidy status has a significant higher detection rate for chromosomal abnormalities as compared to karyotyping of miscarriages samples. 3. Völker HU, Demmer P, Gattenlöhner S Idiopathic intrauterine myocardial infarction without malformations of the heart or coronary vessels as a cause of stillbirth Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 4. The higher the educational level of the first-time mother, the lower the fetal and post-neonatal but not the neonatal mortality in Belgium (Flanders) Cammu H, Martens G, Van Maele G, Amy JJ Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2009 Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] SPE: Study Centre for Perinatal Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Gynaecology, Universitair Ziekenhuis-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. OBJECTIVE: To assess, in a homogenous population of primiparous women, how fetal and infant (=first year of life) mortality varied by the mothers' level of education. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted an observational study in Flanders (Northern Belgium) involving 170,948 primiparous women who delivered in Flanders during the period 1999-2006, and their 174,495 babies. We linked the maternal education (3 levels) with a series of obstetrical and perinatal events, with special emphasis on fetal and infant death. A logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: The incidence of fetal (0.21% - high level of education; 0.35% - medium level; 0.84% - low level) and infant mortality (0.32%; 0.41%; 0.70%, respectively), followed an inverse maternal educational gradient: higher with a lower level of education. However, fetal and post-neonatal (28 days-1 year), but not neonatal death (0-27 days) were independent of the educational level of the mother. The age of the woman at delivery, the use of assisted reproductive technology and the incidence of twin birth increased while the rates of preterm birth (7.7% - high level; 8.9% - medium level; 10% - low level) and low birth weight (7.2%; 9.5%; 11.8%, respectively) decreased with the mother's educational level. CONCLUSION: Perinatal and obstetrical outcome differ according to the level of the education of the mother, which is a determinant of the incidence of fetal and post-neonatal death but not of early and late neonatal death (0-27 days). Prepared by the National Sudden and Unexpected Infant/Child Death and Pregnancy Loss Resource Center Georgetown University 2115 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W., Suite 601 Washington, DC 20007 (866) 866-7437 toll free (202) 687-7466 local (202) 784-9777 fax info@sidscenter.org http://www.sidscenter.org
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NSIDRC Journal Article Alert — September 18, 2009

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